Shilajit is mainly composed of humic acid, fulvic acid, dibenzo-α-pyrone, proteins, and more than 80 minerals. Fulvic acid is a small molecule that is easily absorbed in the intestine. It is known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
In addition, dibenzo-α-pyrone, also known as DAP or DBP, is an organic compound that also provides antioxidant activity. Other molecules present in shilajit include fatty acids, triterpenes, sterols, amino acids, and polyphenols, and variations are observed depending on the region of origin.
Traditional Uses of Shilajit
Throughout history, Shilajit has played a vital role in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda and Tibetan medicine. In Ayurvedic medicine, Shilajit is considered an effective natural remedy with multifaceted benefits. Known as "rasayana," meaning "rejuvenating," it can prevent disease and improve quality of life.
Traditionally, it has been used to boost physical strength. In Sanskrit, "Shilajit" means "destroyer of weakness and conqueror of mountains." It is also known for promoting longevity, anti-aging, and preventing disease through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a cornerstone of Ayurvedic practice.
Its healing potential has been recognized and utilized for centuries. In Nepal and northern India, Shilajit is a staple in the diet and is frequently consumed for its health benefits. Common traditional uses include aiding digestion, supporting urinary tract health, treating epilepsy, relieving chronic bronchitis, and fighting anemia. Additionally, its adaptogenic properties help relieve stress and vitality.
Shilajit's Effectiveness Is Scientifically Proven
Research across multiple fields is steadily emerging that supports the beneficial uses of shilajit.
Energy and Mitochondrial Function
As we age, our mitochondria (the powerhouses of our cells) become less efficient at producing energy (ATP), which can lead to a variety of health issues, accelerate aging, and promote oxidative stress. This decline is often associated with deficiencies in certain natural compounds, such as coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a powerful antioxidant, and dibenzo-alpha-pyrone (DBP), a metabolite of gut bacteria. Combining shilajit (which contains DBP) and coenzyme Q10 is thought to enhance cellular energy production and protect it from damage caused by harmful molecules. This combination shows promise in improving cellular energy production, potentially supporting overall health and vitality as we age.
In a 2019 study examining the effects of shilajit supplementation on muscle strength and fatigue, active men took 250 mg, 500 mg of shilajit, or a placebo daily for eight weeks. Results showed that participants who took the higher dose of shilajit showed better retention of muscle strength after fatiguing exercise compared to those who took the lower dose or a placebo.
Cognitive Function
Research on shilajit's effects on cognitive functions, such as memory and attention, is expanding. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating condition with no known cure, and scientists are turning to shilajit, extracted from the Andes, for its potential to protect the brain. In a recent study, researchers investigated how shilajit affects brain cells in laboratory cultures. They found that certain extracts of shilajit promoted brain cell growth and reduced the aggregation and tangling of harmful tau proteins, a key feature of AD.
Heart Health
Shilajit, known for its antioxidant properties, is also thought to have potential benefits for cardiovascular health. In a study involving healthy volunteers, taking 200 mg of shilajit daily for 45 days had no significant effect on blood pressure or pulse rate compared to a placebo. However, significant reductions in serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were observed, along with improvements in high-density lipoprotein ("good") cholesterol levels. Additionally, shilajit improved the antioxidant status of participants, increasing blood levels of key antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and vitamins E and C. These findings suggest that shilajit's fulvic acid content has potent antioxidant activity, as well as potential lipid-lowering and cardioprotective effects.
Male Fertility
Emerging research suggests that shilajit may have potential benefits for male fertility. In a 2015 clinical study, researchers evaluated the effects of shilajit on androgen levels in healthy men aged 45-55 years. Participants took 250 mg of shilajit or a placebo twice daily for 90 days. Results showed significant increases in total testosterone, free testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels compared to placebo. Shilajit exhibited better testosterone synthesis and secretion properties compared to placebo, likely due to its active ingredient dibenzo-alpha-pyrone (DBP). Other studies have found that shilajit can improve sperm production and motility in men with low sperm counts.
Immune Support
Shilajit has also been found to have positive effects on the immune system and inflammation. The complement system is an important part of the immune system that helps fight infection and eliminate harmful substances from the body. Studies have shown that shilajit interacts with the complement system to enhance innate immunity and modulate inflammatory responses, resulting in immune-boosting effects.
Shilajit also has anti-inflammatory effects and has been shown to reduce levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an inflammatory marker, in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
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